Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopic Data for Space Astronomy: Needs and Availability

Atomic Energy Levels and Other Spectroscopic Data

The key advances in our understanding of atomic structure were made early in the 20th Century. Niels Bohr developed his revolutionary theory of the hydrogen atom in 1913, still largely on classical terms. Then, in the 1920s, the generalization to other atoms and ions came with the development of quantum mechanics, or wave mechanics, by Schroedinger, Heisenberg and others, after de Broglie postu...

Atomic Data Needs for Modeling Photoionized Plasmas

Many of the fundamental questions in astrophysics can be addressed using spectroscopic observations of photoionized cosmic plasmas. However, the reliability of the inferred astrophysics depends on the accuracy of the underlying atomic data used to interpret the collected spectra. In this paper, we review some of the most glaring atomic data needs for better understanding photoionized plasmas.

langauge needs analysis of undergraduate business management and economics students

the aim of conducting this study was to investigate the foreign language learning needs of undergraduate economics students and business management students in faculties of social sciences of alzahra and azad naragh university. in the study, which was designed on the basis of a qualitative-quantitative basis using interviews and questionnaires, 146 female undergraduate business management as we...

Some Ionization and Recombination Data Needs for Cosmic Atomic Plasmas

Cosmic atomic plasmas can be divided into two broad classes: electron ionized and photoionized. Electron-ionized plasmas are formed in objects such as the sun and other stars, supernova remnants, galaxies, and the intercluster medium in clusters of galaxies. Photoionized plasmas are formed in objects such as planetary nebulae, H II regions, X-ray binaries, and active galactic nuclei. Understand...

Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data